Pump Losses
Losses in a centrifugal pump are classified into five types namely, mechanical losses, impeller losses, leakage losses, disk friction losses and casing hydraulic losses.
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Type of losses exists inside the centrifugal pump
- Casing Hydraulic Losses
- Leakage losses
- Impeller losses
- Disk friction losses
- Mechanical losses
Pump casing hydraulic losses
Casing hydraulic loss is caused when fluid flows through the impeller, the pump housing casing, there is a change of flow rate and inverse pressure gradient magnitude and direction of the circulation and cause vortex, resulting in energy loss.
Pump leakage losses
There can be slipping back of part of liquid through the clearance between the impeller and casing due to pressure difference between inlet and outlet. This loss of energy of liquid is known as leakage losses.
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Pump Impeller losses
Impeller losses are due to loss of liquid from the pump and recirculation of the liquid in the impeller. The pressure difference between impeller tip and eye can cause a recirculation of a small volume of liguid, thus reducing the flow rate at outlet of the impeller.
Disk friction losses
Disc friction power loss is due to friction between the rotating faces of the impeller (or disc) and the liquid.
Pump Mechanical losses
Exclusively power loss takes place primarily in bearings, mechanical sealsor gland packing. The bearing friction loss, seal, etc. Of high-speed rotating mechanical friction between the impeller and the liquid are mechanical losses.
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